Treatment of atrial fibrillation includes the following: 1. Stroke prevention, all patients with atrial fibrillation should be evaluated for thromboembolic risk, and patients with atrial fibrillation with a CHA2DS2-VASC score ≥2, excluding those at high risk of bleeding, should be treated with anticoagulation therapy, including warfarin and new oral anticoagulants. 2. Ventricular rate control, long-term oral heart rate slowing drugs to maintain a resting heart rate of about 80 beats/min and an active heart rate of about 110 beats/min. For heart rates that are difficult to control with medications, ablation of the AV node and implantation of a permanent pacemaker are feasible. 3. rhythm control, try to restore sinus rhythm with medications or electrical resuscitation. At the same time, long-term anti-arrhythmic drugs are taken to maintain sinus rhythm. Radiofrequency ablation is feasible in some patients. For patients with left atrium less than 45 mm, short duration of atrial fibrillation and age less than 65 years, the success rate of radiofrequency ablation is higher.