Malignant tumor has become a common disease that seriously threatens human health, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year. It is expected that by 2020, there will be 15 million new cases and about 12 million deaths worldwide each year, and 2.2 million new cancer cases and 1.6 million deaths due to cancer in China each year, which is the top cause of death. Therefore, China urgently needs more and more medical workers to participate in clinical oncology career. With the continuous improvement of tumor treatment level, oncology has developed into an independent discipline, while the development of oncology curriculum and teaching system in China is relatively lagging behind, and the original medical education system has been unable to meet the needs of modern oncology science development; meanwhile, the etiology and pathogenesis of tumor are not completely clear at present, and there is a lack of fundamental and effective methods for prevention and treatment. In view of this, while studying the etiology, pathogenesis and development of tumors as well as contemporary medical and biological advances, it is also an urgent issue to study the teaching rules and train students to correctly grasp the clinical diagnosis and treatment thinking of tumors.