Cephalosporin antibiotics under the influence of alcohol, beware of “disulfiram-like reaction”.

Alcohol (ethanol) is broken down and metabolized in the body in two steps: first, under the action of the enzyme ethanol dehydrogenase, ethanol is turned into acetaldehyde, and then under the action of the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde is turned into carbon dioxide and water. “Disulfiram” is a kind of alcohol withdrawal drug, commonly used in foreign countries to force the withdrawal of alcohol. After taking the drug, the human body will produce alcohol metabolism disorder, that is, the second step of ethanol decomposition can not be carried out, resulting in excessive accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body, the toxic reaction, so that the person taking the drug can not, and dare not dip a little bit of alcohol, otherwise there will be strong discomfort. Cephalexin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in the clinic, and its adverse reactions are relatively few, but it is not uncommon for patients to have “disulfiram-like reaction”, i.e., acetaldehyde intoxication reaction, after drinking alcohol after using the drug. Although the instructions of the drug specifically indicate the relevant adverse reactions, the doctor will also specifically instruct the patient, but the rate of knowledge of the reaction is very low, even if a small number of people know about it, but also do not take it seriously. Cephalexin has a similar effect to “disulfiram”, these drugs will make alcohol oxidized to acetaldehyde in the body can not continue to oxidize the decomposition of acetaldehyde, resulting in accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body, resulting in acetaldehyde poisoning reaction. The reaction usually occurs 8 minutes to 10 minutes after drinking, slow one hour later will also appear. Its main manifestations are facial heat, flushing, blurred vision, headache, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, drop in blood pressure and irritability. If the emergence of fast, relief, disappear fast, generally after rest that is able to relieve themselves; if there is respiratory depression, myocardial infarction, acute heart failure and other serious symptoms, it is necessary to immediately go to the hospital to receive symptomatic treatment, otherwise it may lead to shock or even death. Therefore, special reminder, if the use of cephalosporin injections, especially cefoperazone and ceftriaxone patients, to strictly follow the medical advice, at least 10 days do not drink, otherwise it will cause a “disulfiram-like reaction”, or strong physical discomfort, or fatal.