Renal colic, also known as renal-ureteral colic, is caused by acute obstruction that causes spasm of the smooth muscles of the renal pelvis and ureter, resulting in increased pressure in the renal pelvis and increased tension in the renal envelope, which triggers a reflexive and severe pain. When the obstruction is relieved (e.g., when the stone is moved and the obstruction is relieved), the pressure in the renal pelvis decreases and the pain can be relieved. Therefore, it is very common to have multiple episodes of renal colic within a week or even within a day, either continuously or intermittently. The pain can be radiated to the root of the thighs, external genitalia, and back of the shoulders. The pain is persistent, increasing in paroxysms, ranging from tens of minutes to several hours, and in severe cases, rolling on the floor, while in mild cases, it can sometimes be relieved by itself. It is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. If the patient taps the kidney area on the painful side with a fist in the hand, the pain will increase and become excruciating. Pain relievers such as dulcolax are needed to relieve the pain. Ultrasonography may reveal the presence of kidney stones or ureteral stones on the painful side, and urinalysis may reveal the presence of microscopic hematuria, i.e. red blood cells. Pain in the lumbar region is often manifested as a persistent dull pain in the lumbar region, which is aggravated when the lumbar region is turned or bent over. It is mostly caused by lumbar muscle strain, lumbar spine osteophytes, lumbar disc herniation compressing nerves or trauma to the lumbar region. Most of this pain is tolerable and is a chronic disease. Tapping the kidney area on the painful side with a fist in the hand has no percussion pain. The pain can be relieved by taking oral painkillers. Most patients do not need to take medication and the pain can be relieved with rest. There are no kidney stones or ureteral stones on ultrasound examination of the urinary system, and there is no microscopic hematuria on urinalysis.