The fundus of the newborn has the following characteristics: (1) retina: the color is lighter than that of adults, the retina is light gray or light pink, the choroidal vessels are highly visible throughout the fundus is mostly light leopard-like, with the growth of age, the pigment particles increase, gradually dense, transparency decreases, the retina appears pink, and gradually to orange, orange-red change. (2) Optic nerve: the optic disc is small, the border is unclear, the shape is irregular, and the physiological depression is often difficult to see. With age, the collagen tissue on the surface of the optic disc gradually atrophies, the capillaries on the surface of the optic disc increase, the color of the optic nerve turns red, and cup-like structures gradually appear. (3) Blood vessels: arteries and veins show equal width of 1:1. With age, the elastic fibers of the arterial wall gradually increase and the curvature of blood vessels decreases, changing from 1:1 to 2:3. (4) Macula: dark red color, bulbous shape of the peripheral part of the protrusion, especially the central concave reflection boundary is not clear enough. The color of the peripheral retina is greenish gray, and gradually turns red as the blood supply is enhanced by the maturation and perfection of vascular development. (5) Residual vitreous artery: The vitreous artery disappears by 7-8 months along with the trunk, which has little effect on vision and does not need to be treated.