Amylase is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas and is excreted into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct with pancreatic juice. In clinical practice, the measurement of urinary amylase is mainly used for the diagnosis of pancreatitis. There are physiological and pathological reasons for the increase of urinary amylase. Among them, physiological increase is mostly seen after strenuous exercise or consumption of high purine food, while pathological increase is mainly seen in acute pancreatitis, pancreatic duct obstruction, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic injury, acute cholecystitis, gastric ulcer, mumps and other diseases. Therefore, elevated urinary amylase does not necessarily mean pancreatitis. If the urinary amylase is mildly elevated and not accompanied by elevated blood amylase, it is considered physiological, so there is no need to worry too much, pay attention to regular follow-up and review, and pay attention to rest, stay up late, keep a relaxed mood, avoid straining, and eat a light and easily digestible diet, and eat less sweet and sour, spicy, cold and greasy products. If amylase is elevated more than 1000 U/L and the patient shows symptoms such as pallor, cold sweat, pain in the middle and upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, fever, etc., and ultrasound and CT examination show inflammatory lesions of the pancreas, then pancreatitis can be diagnosed. Once the diagnosis is clear, patients with acute pancreatitis should be given antispasmodic and analgesic treatment, while chronic pancreatitis should be treated with etiological treatment, such as treatment of biliary diseases, abstinence from alcohol, small and frequent meals, etc. If the condition is serious, treatment such as gastric tube decompression, H2-blockers, anticholinergics, growth inhibitors, etc. should be given, and if necessary, surgical treatment should be performed.