There are many clinical causes of finger joint pain, which should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the characteristics of the patient’s symptoms and based on the improvement of relevant examinations. Finger joints are commonly affected by various joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, etc. Different diseases have different clinical characteristics. For example, rheumatoid arthritis finger joint lesions are mostly symmetrical multi-joint pain with swelling and morning stiffness for more than one hour, and the patient’s serum rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies are mostly positive, with elevated blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein. In osteoarthritis, the pain in the finger joints is milder and the morning stiffness is less than 1 hour. The patient’s serum rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies are negative, and the sedimentation and C-reactive protein are generally normal. Gout can also occur in the finger joints, most of them are monoarticular lesions, asymmetric attacks, and the pain is more intense. Psoriatic arthritis can also affect the finger joints, mostly with a psoriasis-like rash, and some patients may have mildly elevated serum rheumatoid factor, negative anti-CCP antibodies, and elevated blood sedimentation and C-reactive protein. Therefore, there are many causes of finger joint pain, and it is important to visit the rheumatology department promptly to clarify the diagnosis through relevant tests.