On February 21, 2016, the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy published online an article by Johns? Hopkins University School of Medicine and a collaboration of researchers from the Bloomberg School of Public Health and The State University of New Jersey, which focused on mice and examined whether the addition of simvastatin to a first-line anti-tuberculosis regimen (isoniazid/rifampin/pyrazinamide) could shorten the duration of treatment for tuberculosis. It was found that simvastatin significantly enhanced the bactericidal activity of first-line antituberculosis drugs against intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis without altering intracellular rifampin concentrations; adjuvant treatment with 60 mg/kg of simvastatin reduced the time required to achieve a negative lung culture from 4.5 months to 3.5 months; and after 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 months of treatment, the recurrence rate in the statin group was lower than that in the isoniazid/ribozid/pyrazinamide group. After 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 months of treatment, the recurrence rates were 50% (P=0.03), 20%, and 0% in the statin group, compared with 100%, 50%, and 0% in the control group, respectively. In addition, simvastatin did not alter plasma or lung lesion cholesterol levels. Thus, it can be said that statins are a good candidate for host-directed adjuvant TB treatment, but further preclinical studies are needed subsequently to determine the optimal statin and its dose to be used.