The pedicle screw technique for the treatment of spinal fractures has been used in clinical practice since 1997 when it was officially approved by the FDA as a posterior fixation method for the spine. Traditional open surgery requires extensive tissue incision for pedicle screw placement and rod installation, which results in extensive tissue trauma, blood loss, long hospital stay, and extensive stripping of the paravertebral muscles during surgery, leading to complications such as loss of innervation of the paravertebral muscles and late dysfunction, which significantly affects the patient’s postoperative recovery. With the progress of clinical medical technology, the pursuit of minimally invasive surgery is the desire of patients and the duty and obligation of surgeons. The orthopedic department in the south of our hospital treats some patients with thoracolumbar fractures with percutaneous puncture and minimally invasive pedicle nail rod fixation technique, in which the pedicle screws are placed through the paravertebral puncture with a guide needle, and the wound is only four small 1.2 cm wounds. The patient was able to get out of bed on the second day after surgery and was very satisfied with the results. Minimally invasive spine surgery is a surgical procedure that achieves the best surgical outcome with minimal invasion and minimal physiological disturbance without compromising efficacy. Compared to conventional surgery, its advantages are: less surgical trauma, less damage to the paravertebral muscles, protection of the paravertebral spinal nerves and blood vessels, and few patients experience postoperative low back pain and muscle atrophy. Minimally invasive surgery has small incisions, less damage, fast recovery, little bleeding, often no blood transfusion, skin incision is only about 1.0-1.5cm, small postoperative scar, more beautiful appearance. Short hospitalization time reduces medical costs. Minimally invasive spine surgery is an important development direction of spine surgery. The orthopedic department in the south of our hospital follows the international trend and actively carries out various microscopic and minimally invasive spine surgeries, including microscopic spine surgery techniques, percutaneous minimally invasive pedicle screw techniques, percutaneous vertebral body kyphoplasty techniques, minimally invasive intervertebral fusion, etc., which are at the forefront in China and fill the gaps in the province. The subspecialty of minimally invasive microtechnology has been formed for the benefit of patients with pain and disease.