POEMS syndrome is a multisystem disease associated with plasma cell abnormalities and is a relatively rare clinical syndrome. Its main clinical manifestations are polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein and skin changes. In addition to polyneuropathy and clonal plasma cell disease as the primary diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of POEMS syndrome should include sclerosing bone lesions, Castleman’s disease, optic papilledema, peripheral edema and plasma cavity effusion, skin lesions, organomegaly and secondary diagnostic criteria, including endocrinopathy.