Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women, with a peak incidence in Asian women at the age of 40-60 years perimenopause, while breast cancer in men is extremely rare, with an incidence ratio of about 1:100 for women. The etiology of breast cancer is not yet clear. (1) Geographical and ethnic factors: China is a country with low incidence of breast cancer, but the incidence of breast cancer in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas and tends to increase with economic development. However, the incidence of breast cancer in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas and tends to increase with economic development. (2) Endocrine factors: Estrone and estradiol are directly related to the development of breast cancer. Luteinizing hormone is considered to have both carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects, and prolactin also promotes the development of cancer. (3) Menstrual and marital factors: The incidence of menarche is earlier than 12 years old, the age of menopause is later than 55 years old, and the incidence of infertility is higher in those who have their first full-term births later than 35 years old. (4) Family genetic factors: If a first-degree relative has a breast cancer patient, the family members are often at high risk and their risk of developing the disease is 2-3 times higher than that of the general population. Women with family history of breast cancer are more likely to have BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. (5) Benign breast diseases are related to it. (6) Dietary factors: obesity and high fat intake increase the risk of breast cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. Epidemiological studies have shown that drinking alcohol twice a day or more than 24g of alcohol per day can increase the risk of breast cancer by about 21%. Smoking also increases the risk of the disease (7) Environmental factors and lifestyle: poor living habits such as staying up late for a long time, frequent exposure to ionizing radiation and chemical substances are related to breast cancer. Moreover, compared with western countries, the high incidence age in China is younger, perhaps related to the earlier menopause of Asian women than western ones. The incidence rate in the eastern coastal and economically developed regions has increased significantly in the recent past. Although the cause of breast cancer is not yet fully understood, active prevention is necessary in daily life, such as promoting breastfeeding, losing weight and eliminating bad habits, and regular medical checkups and screenings can also help prevent breast cancer from occurring.