Chronic atrophic gastritis accounts for 10% to 20% of chronic gastritis, mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, and the incidence rises with age. Gastroscopy and gastric mucosal biopsy are the most reliable diagnostic methods.
Gastroscopy in atrophic gastritis reveals pale gastric mucosa, thinning of mucosa, reduction or disappearance of mucosal folds, submucosal vascular permeability, rough and uneven surface, and granular or nodular appearance. Under the microscope, atrophy of the gastric mucosal glands was seen.
The reduction of gastric mucosal glands affects the digestive function of the stomach, so it is easy to have indigestion, bloating, poor appetite and other discomforts.
Symptoms
Atrophic gastritis is a chronic progressive lesion that develops on the basis of superficial gastritis. It is now believed that the occurrence of chronic atrophic gastritis is related to a variety of factors, and atrophic gastritis can be seen as the final outcome of various factors causing gastric mucosal lesions.
[Etiology].
H. pylori infection: H. pylori is a bacterium that resides under the gastric mucosa and causes damage to the gastric mucosa, which results in ulcers, bleeding and other symptoms.
Age: There is a significant positive correlation between the occurrence of chronic gastritis and age. The older you are, the worse the “resistance” of the gastric mucosa is and the more susceptible you are to damage caused by adverse external factors.
The incidence of gastritis can be increased in serious smokers. The study found that people who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day, 40% can occur gastric mucosal inflammation. Alcoholics are prone to superficial gastritis, which can develop into chronic atrophic gastritis if the damage continues over time.
So the prevention and treatment of atrophic gastritis also starts with these major causes:
[Anti-H. pylori].
When suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, the rate of positive detection of H. pylori is high. Eradication of H. pylori is effective in promoting symptomatic improvement of chronic atrophic gastritis. Treatment of H. pylori infection is mainly carried out by anti-H. pylori drugs.
There is no single drug that can effectively eradicate H. pylori, and single drugs are ineffective and prone to induce drug resistance. The most commonly used combination therapy is the combination of acid inhibitors, antibacterial drugs or synergistic colloidal bismuth agents to eradicate H. pylori. In addition, good hygienic habits, meal sharing system, disinfection of utensils, and treatment of family members together to prevent cross-contamination are needed.
[Removal of various pathogenic factors].
Patients with atrophic gastritis, regardless of the cause, should be regular diet, quit smoking, avoid alcohol, avoid salty, strong tea, coffee, pickled food and other common easy to “hurt the stomach” behavior, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; avoid or adjust the use of drugs that damage the gastric mucosa such as aspirin, anti-inflammatory pain, hormones, etc. “Anti-pain and anti-inflammatory drugs.
[Symptomatic treatment]
Mainly to relieve the symptoms of indigestion, there are quite a number of methods, including: acid suppression, gastric mucosal protective agents, gastric mucosal nutrients, etc.
[Review].
Atrophic gastritis is a breeding ground for malignant changes of “gastric disease”, and patients with atrophic gastritis can develop intestinal epithelial metaplasia, heterotypic hyperplasia, and cancer. Treatment of heterogeneous hyperplasia: heterogeneous hyperplasia is a precancerous lesion of gastric cancer. For severe heterogeneous hyperplasia, preventive surgery should be performed, and endoscopic mucosal resection is mostly used at present.
Some people think that atrophic gastritis is more stubborn and difficult to cure, in fact, it is related to the irregular treatment.
The most important thing is that it is not a good idea to have a good idea of what to do.
The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time, and you can also find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time. The result is that every time the gastroscopy is repeated, it is still atrophic gastritis.
The cause is unclear, blind treatment: there are two types of chronic atrophic gastritis, one is related to autoimmunity, the other is related to H. pylori infection, tobacco and alcohol stimulation, reflux gastritis, etc. If the cause is not identified, the lack of targeting in treatment will not achieve a better treatment effect. There is no specific treatment for autoimmune atrophic gastritis, and vitamin B12 injections are given when accompanied by pernicious anemia.
The earlier the treatment, the better]
The more you find out about atrophic gastritis the sooner you treat it the better, if you don’t insist on treatment or review to continue the original “hurt stomach” life, you have to wait until the appearance of intestinal epithelial hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia before you pay attention to it is not self-deception, to know that mild and moderate atrophic gastritis by treatment most or reversible, and severe atrophic gastritis reversible very little.
The probability of atrophic gastritis developing into gastric cancer is very low when adhering to standard treatment and review. The best way to avoid the chagrin of not even knowing about the cancer is to have regular review and treatment and review.