Congenital hip dislocation is one of the more common pediatric limb deformities, and with continued research, it was renamed developmental hip dysplasia after the 1990s. It is more common in girls than boys, and more common on the left side than on the right side. The occurrence of this disease is related to race, gender and environment, but also to the fetal position during pregnancy (e.g. breech position), genetic factors, hormone levels (e.g. estrogen causing muscle ligament relaxation) and the method of wrapping after birth (e.g. candle wrapping). There are generally three types of this disease: acetabular dysplasia, hip subluxation, and total dislocation of the hip joint. The former, in particular, is often overlooked clinically because it is not dislocated, leading to serious adverse consequences. Developmental hip dysplasia may also be accompanied by the presence of other deformities, such as oblique neck and congenital clubfoot. The younger the child is, the better the treatment effect and the simpler the method, but the treatment effect is getting worse as the child grows older. If a child is born with unequal lower limbs, asymmetrical skin folds on both sides of the hip and thigh, or a positive abduction test (the child lies flat, bends the knee and hip 90 degrees each, and abducts and externally rotates both knees and hips at the same time. The lateral surface of the normal knee can be palpated on the bed; if it cannot be palpated, it is positive), further examination by a pediatric orthopedic surgeon should be conducted early to determine the presence of developmental hip dysplasia. This is important for early detection and good outcome. Parents should be alerted when, with increasing age, a child walks with a limp and, if both sides are dislocated, sways from side to side like a duck gait when walking, usually without joint pain. Once the diagnosis is clear, early treatment should be given. During the treatment process, the main focus is to prevent the occurrence of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, re-dislocation, joint stiffness, and limitation of joint motion. The above conditions can be completely minimized under the treatment of an experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon.