The term “nodule” is the most frequently used term in medical examination reports, and is mostly found in breast ultrasound reports. The term “nodule” is just a descriptive language used to describe the “small lumps” found by various methods, it is not related to the benign or malignant nature of the mass, nor is it the name of the disease. The term “mass” is the opposite of “nodule” and is used to describe a “large mass”. 2. Hypoechoic, anechoic, well-defined, or poorly defined: Ultrasound reports usually describe nodules as “hypoechoic” or “anechoic”. On the black and white image of ultrasound, there are various “nodules” of different nature, some of which are naturally darker (hypoechoic) and some are darker (non-echoic). The terms “well-defined” or “poorly defined” describe whether these “nodules” are clearly identifiable on the image. We cannot say that “indistinct” is malignant, or “clear” is benign, but this requires specific analysis by the physician. 3, glandular structure disorder: If you imagine the breast as a bun, then the skin, subcutaneous fat tissue is the “bun skin”, and the glands are the “bun filling”. If the image structure of the “filling” looks different from the normal one, we would describe it as “glandular structural disorder”, mostly due to glandular hyperplasia (microscopic changes in cell number, arrangement and tissue structure), which is often referred to as “Of course, it cannot be excluded that a very small number of “structural disorders” are due to local cellular malignancies. 4. Cysts: Similarly, in the ultrasound report, experienced sonographers will directly judge a particularly typical “non-echoic” nodule as a “cyst”. Cysts, which can be interpreted as a thin layer of skin wrapped around a packet of water, are more common in cystic hyperplasia of the breast and can be solitary or multiple. And most of the cysts are benign and harmless. 5. BI-RADS: This mysterious English word that looks “high” makes many patients panic, and what is even more frightening is the different levels on its suffix – grade 1, grade 2, grade 3…. …In fact, this is just an abbreviation for “Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System” (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System), in order to make different doctors see the image report, there is a unified standard to follow, when graded ≥ 3 When the grade ≥ 3, prompting physicians to carry out further diagnostic or surgical intervention. 6, calcification: calcification in the breast film is very common, problematic malignant “calcification” is very rare. Scattered dots, isolated, large, round calcifications are actually benign calcifications, and although they do not go away once they are created, they are not malignant for life and do not need to be managed. However, calcifications that are suspected to be malignant definitely need further management by a physician. Breast cancer pathology report Breast cancer can be divided into different pathological types according to the morphology of tumor cells: non-invasive carcinoma (including ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ), non-specific type of invasive carcinoma (including invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma), and specific type of invasive carcinoma (including various types such as typical medullary carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, tubular carcinoma, papillary carcinoma and papillary Paget’s disease). Currently, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) expression is the most important marker for clinical judgment of whether endocrine therapy is effective. If ER and/or PR is detected on cancer cells, it is reported as ER/PR positive and can also be written as ER(+)/PR(+); conversely, it is ER/PR negative and written as ER(-)/PR(-). For hormone receptor status, reporting varies from hospital to hospital, and it is more accurate to report the percentage of positive cells, such as ER >75% (+), PR 25%-50% (+), etc. Another very important biological indicator in the pathology report is the status of HER-2 gene, also known as HER-2/neu, a gene that helps regulate cell growth, division and self-repair, and about 1/4 of breast cancers have multiple copies of HER-2 gene. Cancer cells with multiple copies of the HER-2 gene or overexpression of the P185 protein grow faster and have a greater risk of metastasis, but monoclonal antibody therapy against the HER-2 gene is very effective. and FISH is indicated by “positive” and “negative”. Only patients with IHC3+ or FISH positive results are good for HER-2 monoclonal antibody treatment.