Rehabilitation medicine is an independent medical science, a medical science that goes hand in hand with basic medicine, clinical medicine and preventive medicine, but there are still many misconceptions about rehabilitation medicine, thinking that rehabilitation is recovery, or that it is convalescence, or that rehabilitation is acupuncture, massage, in fact, these perceptions are very one-sided, or even seriously wrong. The rehabilitation department has its own independent characteristics and treatment techniques, and treats three major diseases, namely, bone and joint system diseases: post-fracture, post-arthroscopic joint replacement and post-arthroscopic limb dysfunction, sports injuries (muscle, tendon, ligament and articular cartilage injuries), cervical spondylosis, lumbar and leg pain, frozen shoulder, osteoarthritis, scoliosis, amputation, etc.; neurological diseases, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, craniocerebral trauma, craniocerebral injury, and cerebral infarction, cerebral infarction, post-operative craniocerebral trauma, post-operative brain tumor, spinal cord injury, myelitis, post-operative spinal cord tumor, peripheral nerve injury, pediatric cerebral palsy, etc.; internal diseases diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, obesity, acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, inflammation of the five senses, bronchitis, chronic gastritis, colitis, etc. The following is a brief introduction to the advantageous diseases featured in the Department of Rehabilitation to help patients and their families understand rehabilitation medicine and raise awareness of rehabilitation so that patients can maximize their recovery. Zhuang Health, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital 1, spinal cord injury Spinal cord injury is a transverse damage to the spinal cord caused by various pathogenic factors, causing paralysis of the limbs and trunk below the level of dominance, combined with bladder and rectal disorders, can cause lifelong disability, causing a significant burden on the patient’s family and society, is one of the main types of rehabilitation medicine. Rehabilitation treatment starts with a systematic assessment of the patient, followed by the designation of a highly targeted rehabilitation treatment plan, according to which the therapist will carry out the treatment and the rehabilitation physician will supervise and guide, mainly using exercise therapy, MOTOmed therapy instrument-assisted exercise, suspension training, rising bed training, electrical stimulation therapy, acupuncture and massage therapy, brace-assisted exercise and other comprehensive rehabilitation. The purpose of these treatments is to improve motor function, prevent complications, and improve the ability to perform activities of daily living. 2.Craniocerebral injury Craniocerebral injury is one of the key rehabilitation diseases, the incidence of which is second only to the common trauma of the extremities. The symptoms caused by injury are various, mainly in consciousness, cognition (memory, attention, orientation, understanding and judgment), behavior, emotion, speech, swallowing, perception, movement and other aspects. The dysfunction caused by craniocerebral injury is diverse and varies greatly from patient to patient. Detailed assessment of each patient’s dysfunction should be made, and rehabilitation treatment plans should be formulated according to each patient’s needs, using various rehabilitation means such as wake-up promotion, movement, homework, speech, swallowing, electroacupuncture, bed training, weight loss training, etc. to maximize the recovery of normal or more normal living and working ability and participation in social activities. 3, stroke (stroke hemiplegia) Stroke is clinically divided into two categories: cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction, and is a disease of middle-aged and elderly people with rapid onset of cerebrovascular blood circulation disorders, whose dysfunction is mainly manifested in consciousness, movement, perception, cognition, speech and mental emotion. Hemiplegia is the most common motor dysfunction, which is paralysis of the limb opposite the lesion. Stroke has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients and increases the burden on society and families, so it is very important to prevent, treat and rehabilitate the disease early. According to the pathological characteristics of stroke, “upper motor neurons are damaged, resulting in abnormal movement patterns”, the concept of “early rehabilitation intervention and control of abnormal movement patterns” is emphasized, and a combination of physiotherapy, occupational therapy and electroacupuncture is often used to maximize the recovery of dysfunction. We often use physiotherapy, occupational therapy and electro-acupuncture to promote the recovery of dysfunction, prevent disuse and misuse syndrome, and reduce sequelae; fully strengthen and bring into play residual functions, and strive for patients to achieve self-care and return to society through compensation and use of assistive tools, as well as transformation of living environment. 4.Post-operative osteoarthroplasty Excellent surgery only creates good conditions for the functional recovery of patients with osteoarthroplasty injuries and diseases, to achieve the desired goal, functional training must be emphasized. Some patients do not perform active and correct functional exercise after surgery due to fear, pain, swelling or not knowing how to train properly, leaving behind muscle atrophy, scar adhesions, joint stiffness and other dysfunctions, which seriously affect sports and life activities. Early post-operative rehabilitation intervention, especially after arthroplasty and arthroscopy, is a systemic rehabilitation treatment that promotes blood circulation, reduces swelling and pain, and provides isometric muscle strength training, isotonic muscle strength training, joint mobility training, and assisted walking training according to the type of injury and surgical procedure to effectively promote fracture healing, improve movement function, prevent muscle atrophy, scar adhesions, joint stiffness, and other complications. It also helps to prevent muscle atrophy, scar adhesions, joint stiffness and other complications, and improves the efficacy of surgery, thus achieving twice the result with half the effort. Rehabilitation medicine has penetrated into all aspects of orthopedic clinical practice, from injury to post-surgery, from tissue healing to functional recovery, from vocational training to return to society, rehabilitation is gradually accepted and actively involved, playing an increasingly important role. 5.Cervical spondylosis Cervical spondylosis is a syndrome of a series of clinical symptoms caused by degenerative degeneration of the cervical disc and osteophytes of the cervical spine. Clinical manifestations are often pain in the neck, shoulder arm, upper back of the scapula and thoracic region, arm and hand numbness, muscle atrophy, and even tetraplegia. It can occur at any age, with more middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old. Cervical spondylosis is characterized by high incidence, long treatment time and easy recurrence after treatment. Cervical spondylosis is treated conservatively by traction, Long’s chiropractic, massage, etc., combined with acupuncture and physiotherapy, and patients are taught correct neck care methods to prevent further development. 6.Lumbar disc herniation Lumbar disc herniation is a series of symptoms caused by the herniated nucleus pulposus of the lumbar intervertebral disc compressing its surrounding nerve tissue, with clinical manifestations of lumbar pain, general numbness and pain in the lower limbs or both lower limbs. Lumbar disc herniation is a slowly progressing degenerative disease, mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people, but adolescents can also develop it. It is mainly due to degeneration and herniation of the intervertebral disc, resulting in secondary changes in the surrounding tissues and structures, and causing a series of clinical manifestations. For lumbar disc herniation without surgical indication, comprehensive rehabilitation treatment methods such as chiropractic, massage, traction, physiotherapy and acupuncture are used to reduce or eliminate the stimulation and compression of various nerves and vascular tissues, release muscle spasm, eliminate inflammatory edema, improve local blood supply and nutrition, and restore or improve the stability of the lumbar spine. 7, osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis, also known as hyperplastic osteoarthritis, hypertrophic arthritis, cartilage chondromalacia arthritis, etc., clinical symptoms are manifested as joint pain, starting with dull pain, and gradually aggravated, can not immediately move after rest, joint stiffness, reduced after activity, excessive activity will produce friction pain, and related to weather changes. Osteoarthritis is a common type of arthritis, which is a chronic joint disease, mostly seen in the elderly. For the characteristics of bone and joint pathology, the use of massage, physical therapy, acupuncture, combined with glucosamine and joint cavity injection of sodium glass acid and other drug therapy, emphasizing the strengthening of joint functional exercise, to effectively relieve pain, improve joint function and promote the repair of damaged joints. 8, neurogenic bladder Neurogenic bladder is a more difficult problem after spinal cord injury. Urinary dysfunction often causes long-term urinary incontinence, urinary difficulties, recurrent urinary tract infections, urinary stones, hydronephrosis, which eventually leads to renal failure and renal failure, and is the first cause of late death in patients with spinal cord injury. Improving bladder function, reducing complications and improving the quality of survival are the keys to good rehabilitation of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury patients. Intermittent catheterization and bladder voiding function training combined with electrical stimulation and electroacupuncture for neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury have shown good efficacy in reconstructing bladder voiding dysfunction, successfully removing catheters for more than 90% of admitted patients, restoring their urinary storage or voiding function, effectively improving bladder function, reducing complications, and improving patients’ quality of survival. 9. Evaluation and treatment of spasticity Spasticity is a syndrome of abnormally increased muscle tone due to hyperreflexia in the spinal cord and brainstem after upper motor neuron lesions, and is commonly seen after traumatic brain injury, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Severe spasticity is a major obstacle to recovery of motor function and causes great distress to the patient. The degree of spasticity is assessed by applying revised Ashworth and electromyography, and targeted continuous passive stretching, relaxation therapy, inhibition of abnormal reflex patterns, combined with spasticity machine therapy device, oral hypotonia drugs, and if necessary, injection of anhydrous alcohol and botulinum toxin type A into the motor points of spastic muscles is feasible to relieve spasticity and improve patients’ motor function. In addition, rehabilitation medicine has good effect on coronary heart disease, slow obstruction lung, emphysema, hypertension, pelvic inflammatory disease, hemophilia and other medical diseases, which are better developed in foreign countries, but in terms of domestic, it is still in the initial stage and needs to be further improved.