It has been proven that in addition to the high cost of surgical treatment of fractures, there are many complications, all of which can seriously affect fracture healing and functional recovery. Zhang Baofeng, Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery can damage the outer membrane of the bone and the surrounding soft tissues, affecting the local blood supply and fracture healing. We all know the proverb: it takes 100 days to break a bone. But if we look back at the fracture healing situation of the operated patient, we will find that the fracture healing time is much more than a hundred days. Why? It turns out that fracture healing depends on the regeneration of the fracture tissue, and the strength of the fracture tissue regeneration is related to the strength of the local blood supply. At the time of fracture, the surrounding soft tissues have been damaged to different degrees. When the fracture is orthopedically treated, the fracture still retains the original blood supply after the trauma. If the trophoblastic artery is destroyed during surgery, the blood supply to the fracture will be more extensively damaged and ischemic necrosis will occur on a large scale. The fracture healing time is prolonged, and even non-healing of the fracture occurs. Modern metallic internal fixations, although biocompatible with the body, can still be reactive. The physical properties of the internal fixation are affected, which can bend and break the internal fixation, and fracture re-displacement and non-healing can occur. The reason for the development of internal fixation is inseparable from the development of natural science and industry. Internal fixation started long before the last century. However, due to the poor compatibility of currently used materials with human tissue. Insufficient mechanical strength, insufficient design and processing technology, as well as the concept of aseptic technique and imperfect surgical instrumentation equipment have failed to promote its application. In recent years, due to the development of metallurgy, the strength and tissue compatibility of the internal fixation have been greatly improved. However, through a large number of clinical observations, patients’ rejection of internal fixation still accounts for a considerable proportion. Patients have unexplained postoperative hyperthermia, increased periosteal reaction at the fracture site, and nail marks. Local skin pigmentation. Even local rupture with sterile discharge. The internal fixation has to be removed early, making the internal fixation fail. Firm internal fixation will cause stress masking and severe osteoporosis of the entire bone segment, which can lead to re-fracture. The problems of bone ischemia, bone resorption and delayed plasticity of bone scabs due to stress protection and stress concentration caused by firm internal fixation, especially firm and thick internal fixation, have attracted attention. It was found that the hard internal fixation plate causes the normal physiological load not to pass through the fracture end but by the plate itself, forming a “bypass” that protects the fracture end from stress and causes it to lose its normal load, resulting in disuse atrophy and loosening of the bone. After the fracture heals, the internal fixation is removed and the normal load is restored to the original fracture. If care is not taken to protect the fracture, the affected limb, especially the lower limb, may fracture again within six months due to torsional force or large external force. This kind of fracture has poor healing ability, and most of them need bone graft. This fracture has a serious impact on the patient’s physiology, heart and economy, and it is not uncommon in clinical practice. After surgical internal fixation, most of them still need to use long-term external fixation, which still hinders joint movement, causes joint adhesions, and affects joint function. Originally, one of the advantages of surgical incisional internal fixation over manipulation is that after incisional internal fixation, it is possible to move early and prevent joint adhesions. However, this is not the case. Due to the patient’s age, cooperation, fracture site, fracture comminution, strength of internal fixation material and technical operation, most of the patients still have to use long-term external fixation after internal fixation until more bone scabs appear. This inevitably causes adhesions in the adjacent joints and affects joint movement. In other words, this advantage is not realized in most cases. Surgical incision and internal fixation can become infected, resulting in chronic osteomyelitis, which can persist for a long time and, in severe cases, can lead to amputation. Aseptic technique is very important for any surgery and is especially important for orthopedic surgery. Orthopedic surgery often requires the implantation of various foreign bodies with good histocompatibility with the human body, such as artificial joints, bone cement, artificial bone, various internal fixations, etc.. These foreign bodies are compatible with human tissues under aseptic conditions. Once infection occurs, they become foreign bodies that are incompatible with human tissue. If not removed, the infection is difficult to cure. If removed it will lead to limb deformity. Severe infections can cause osteomyelitis. As we all know, sterility is relative and sterility is absolute. Even if the operating room is isolated at all levels, advanced sterilization facilities and air laminar flow equipment are used, surgeons wash their hands before surgery, wear sterile gowns, and the surgical site is strictly sterilized. It is still not guaranteed to avoid infection. In the world’s leading orthopedic journal Campbell Orthopaedics, for example, Rüedi reported in 1979 that the infection and nonunion rates for plate fixation were 8% and 14%, respectively.
and Parker reported infection and nonhealing rates of 13% and 22%, respectively, for incisional repositioning intramedullary nail fixation. Acute osteomyelitis is characterized by localized redness, swelling, and pain in the affected limb, with obvious signs of systemic toxicity. Improper or untimely treatment can lead to chronic osteomyelitis. The crust outside the dead bone is often eroded by pus, forming a fistula, and often purulent secretions flow from the fistula. Due to the lack of blood supply, the body’s antibacterial ability and medicine is difficult to reach, and bacteria often remain, and the fistula is sometimes healed and the purulent discharge is sometimes stopped. Bone is often hyperplastic and hardened, and pathological fractures occur; there is dense scarring of the surrounding soft tissue. The skin near the sinus tract is stimulated by inflammatory secretions for a long time, which may become cancerous in the long run. The success rate of applying combined Chinese and Western medicine techniques to rehabilitate fractures is high, and thus the indications for incisional fracture repositioning are now increasingly narrowed.