I. Diet and nutrition: fasting is required on the day of onset, and nutrition is maintained by intravenous infusion. 48h later, depending on the condition, nasal feeding can be given to supply drugs and nutrition. The patient’s fluid intake and output should be accurately recorded every day in order to know whether the daily input and output are balanced and whether they can meet the body’s needs. Bed rest: Patients should be absolutely bed rest, minimize visits and unnecessary moving to reduce brain metabolism, reduce brain oxygen demand and reduce the chance of infection. The room should be kept quiet, air circulation. Those who have restlessness pay special attention to the quiet environment, appropriate light avoidance, reduce stimulation, and add bed rails to prevent bruises from falling out of bed. Prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: Acute cerebrovascular disease has the possibility of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. If the patient has increased consciousness, temperature continues to rise, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, frequent erratic flow, coffee-like gastric juice from the corner of the mouth, or coffee-like gastric juice extracted from the nasal tube, it indicates gastrointestinal hemorrhage. This should be reported to the doctor for treatment. Prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers: Due to coma, the skin of the elderly is dry and wrinkled, with poor elasticity and resistance, and the ability to repair skin damage is weak, making it easy for pressure damage or decubitus ulcers to occur. Therefore, we should do a good job of skin care, change the lying position regularly, turn over once/2h, and give circular massage to the pressurized parts to reduce the local pressure of weight and promote local blood circulation. Give the patient a bath twice/d and wash the urine and stool at any time to keep the skin clean, dry and comfortable and to prevent decubitus ulcers. Fifth, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed: patients with impaired consciousness have a lot of respiratory secretions, not easy to cough up, and because of the relaxation of the tongue muscle is easy to cause the back of the tongue, swallowing reflex is blunt or disappeared, nasopharynx and oral secretions, vomit and other easy to accumulate in the larynx and airway obstruction, and easy to be inhaled into the lungs caused by aspiration pneumonia. Pay attention to keep the oral cavity clean and the respiratory tract unobstructed, remove respiratory secretions at any time, turn and pat the patient’s back at regular intervals, and place the patient in a lateral or horizontal position with the head to one side to facilitate the discharge of secretions. If necessary, aspirate respiratory secretions with an aspirator. If there is the phenomenon of tongue root falling back, gently pull out the tongue with a tongue clamp. The onset of cerebral infarction aura 1, dizziness, headache suddenly aggravated or from intermittent headache to continuous severe headache. It is generally believed that headache and dizziness are mostly the aura of ischemic cerebral infarction, while severe headache with nausea and vomiting is mostly the aura of hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. 2. Transient visual impairment, which is manifested as blurred vision or visual field defects and incomplete vision, mostly recovers on its own within one hour, and is an early forecasting signal of cerebral infarction. 3.Language and mental changes, referring to difficulty in pronunciation, aphasia, difficulty in writing; sudden change in personality, silence, indifferent expression or impatient and talkative, irritability, or transient judgment or intellectual impairment, drowsiness. 4, Other aura manifestations, such as nausea and vomiting or choking, or blood pressure fluctuation with dizziness or tinnitus, unexplained recurrent nasal clumsy blood, often as a recent precursor of hyperemic cerebral clumsy blood. 5, sleepiness and drowsiness, manifested as yawning, especially the response of respiratory center hypoxia. As cerebral arteriosclerosis worsens, the arterial lumen becomes narrower and the cerebral ischemia worsens severely. About 80% of people yawn frequently 5 to 10 days before the onset of ischemic cerebral infarction, so do not ignore this important alarm signal. 6. Somatic sensory and motor abnormalities, such as episodic unilateral limb numbness or weakness, loss of hand grip on objects, unexplained fainting or falling, and unilateral facial palsy that lasts for less than 24 hours. Follow-up observation, 3 to 5 years after the occurrence of such phenomena, about half of the people occur ischemic cerebral infarction. 7, razor landing phenomenon, refers to the stubble shaving process, when the head turned to the side, suddenly feel the arm holding the razor weakness, razor landing, can be accompanied by slurred speech, but in 1 ~ 2 minutes or so completely back to normal. This is due to the fact that when the neck is turned, it aggravates the already sclerotic carotid artery stenosis, resulting in insufficient cranial blood supply and transient cerebral ischemia. It suggests that ischemic cerebral infarction may occur at any time. 8, a transient black lemon, refers to normal people suddenly appear black in front of the eyes, can not see objects, a few seconds or a few minutes to return to normal, neither nausea, dizziness, nor any impairment of consciousness. This is due to transient retinal ischemia, suggesting intracranial hemodynamic changes or temporary blockage of retinal arteries by tiny blood clots, which is the earliest alarm signal of cerebrovascular disease.