Treatment principles Internal treatment is divided into two parts: symptom control and anti-proliferation. Symptom control is mainly symptomatic treatment to relieve the symptoms caused by tumor hormone secretion; while anti-proliferative…
Neuroendocrine tumors (NENs) are among the most heterogeneous of solid tumors, both in terms of biological characteristics and clinical presentation. Solid tumors are generally named according to the organ of…
Thoracic adenocarcinoma and thoracic neuroendocrine tumors are rare and usually require surgical resection. Currently, there are no guidelines regarding the extent of lymph node dissection during resection of thoracic adenocarcinoma…
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs), formerly known as islet cell tumors, account for approximately 3% of primary pancreatic tumors. Based on the hormone secretion status and clinical manifestations…
Neuroendocrine cells are widely distributed in the human body, not only in some endocrine organs or tissues, but also in the bronchi and lungs, the gastrointestinal tract, the exocrine (ductal)…
The incidence of pancreatic endocrine tumors is about (1-4)/100,000 people, accounting for only 1%-2% of pancreatic tumors, and can occur at any age, with a male to female ratio of…
Based on serum gastrin and gastric acid secretion, highly differentiated gastric neuroendocrine tumors are clinically classified into 3 types: type 1 (associated with type A atrophic gastritis), type 2 (associated…
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a type of cancer with endocrine function. It is often divided into large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, atypical carcinoid tumor, and small…
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs), formerly known as islet cell tumors, account for approximately 3% of primary pancreatic tumors. Based on the hormone secretion status and clinical manifestations of patients, they…
Some specific neuroendocrine tumours are hereditary, such as multiple endocrine tumour syndrome, which is a neoplastic disease with a familial predisposition, but the cause of most neuroendocrine tumours is not…