Patients with pulmonary pustules need to avoid high-intensity strenuous exercise, quit smoking, and avoid infections. Pulmonary pustules are new air-containing cystic cavities with a diameter of more than 1 cm, which are formed when the pressure in the alveolar cavities ruptures and fuses with each other, and when the patient does too strenuous exercise, the pressure in the thoracic cavities may rise sharply within a short period of time, leading to the rupture of pulmonary pustules and causing a pneumothorax or a hemopneumothorax. Therefore, we should pay attention to avoid high-intensity strenuous exercise. Pulmonary pustules are usually secondary to inflammatory lesions of small bronchial tubes such as pneumonia, tuberculosis or emphysema, and smoking and infection can induce or aggravate the disease. Therefore, patients should quit smoking and avoid infections to prevent the disease from worsening. While asymptomatic pulmonary blisters do not require treatment, if they rupture and cause pneumothorax, or if they compress the surrounding tissues and cause symptoms such as coughing and chest tightness, or if they become infected again and again, surgery is required.