With the accumulation of anatomical knowledge and the improvement of diagnostic means, the advancement in the understanding of the role of venous valves in the venous system of the lower limbs, the relationship between their morphology and function, as well as the abnormality of venous hemodynamics has caused a change in the traditional concept of varicose veins of the lower limbs, and the gradual realization that varicose veins of the lower limbs are not an independent disease, but rather a clinical manifestation of the limb’s chronic venous insufficiency ( chronicvenousinsufficiency, CVI) a clinical manifestation, because of this, the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins must be individualized. To choose the right treatment, you need to know the diagnosis of varicose veins of the lower extremities in detail, and only under the premise of a clear diagnosis can we talk about individualized treatment. First of all, we should know the clinical manifestations of varicose veins of the lower limbs.1. Superficial varicose veins: This is one of the most common and characteristic clinical manifestations. Because it is superficial and easy to recognize, it is the earliest recognition. Superficial varicose veins are characterized by varying degrees of tortuosity, dilatation, distortion and clustering.2. Soreness, pain and heaviness: Soreness, pain and heaviness vary from person to person, with varying degrees of severity. This group of symptoms is a characteristic manifestation of venous hypertension, due to increased venous pressure, superficial venous dilatation, venous peripheral membrane receptors are stimulated, the lower limbs appear weakness, soreness, distension, pain, pain, soreness and heaviness are mostly seen after standing or walking, can be relieved or disappeared after resting or elevating the limbs. 3, limb swelling: nearly half of the patients can be accompanied by limb edema in different degrees, mainly manifested in the activity of the edema after the activity, and the edema is mainly manifested in the activity of the limbs. After a day’s activity or a long time of standing and walking, edema is obvious, while in the morning, edema is slight or disappears, i.e., the performance of “light in the morning and heavy in the evening”.4. Skin trophic lesions in lower limbs: due to the sustained increase of venous pressure in the affected limbs, skin pigmentation, dermatitis, eczema, ulcers, and other skin trophic lesions will appear in the calves for some time, and due to the rich venous network in the boot area, skin trophic lesions can be relieved or disappeared after a day’s activity. Due to the anatomical features of rich venous network, weak wall of venous tubes and little subcutaneous tissue in the boot area, dermatotrophic lesions are mostly seen in the boot area.5. Thrombosed superficial phlebitis: The blood flow in the varicose vein is relatively slow, and it is easy to stimulate the formation of thrombus after slight trauma, which will lead to the infectious phlebitis and perivenous phlebitis. The most typical symptom is the sudden pain in the affected limb, in severe cases, the patient can not walk, and the manifestation of redness, swelling, heat and pain in the varicose vein suddenly appears, and the hard knot or even lump can be touched locally, and the serious cases can be accompanied by fever and other systemic symptoms.6. Varicose vein rupture and hemorrhage: it occurs mostly in the boot area and ankle, and it needs urgent treatment because of the high pressure of the vein and the rapid hemorrhage rate. Not every patient has all the above clinical manifestations, because of this, the treatment choice of varicose veins of the lower extremity must be different from person to person, that is, individualized treatment. For patients with varicose veins of the lower limbs, the CEAP classification system is used internationally, which was validated at the Second Pan-Pacific Symposium on Venous Diseases (1997).The CEAP classification system consists of four components: clinical manifestations (C), etiology (E), anatomy (A), and pathophysiology (P).C0: Simply put, you cannot see varicose vein clusters, but there are clinical signs and symptoms of venous insufficiency in the lower limbs including a lack of movement of the limbs, and the presence of a vein in the lower limbs. C0: In simple terms, there is no visible varicose vein mass, but there are clinical symptoms of venous insufficiency of the lower limbs, including soreness and heaviness of the limbs after activity, tiredness and fatigue, etc., which is commonly known as “restless legs”. C1: There are three different manifestations: (1) capillary dilatation, persistent dilatation of small intradermal veins, red in color, less than 1mm in diameter, linear or filamentous in shape. (ii) Reticular veins, persistent dilated small intradermal veins, blue in color, greater than 1 mm and less than 3 mm in diameter, usually twisted and different from normal small splenic veins. ③ Coronal venous dilatation, is the dilatation of intradermal capillaries on the inner and outer side of the foot near the inner and outer ankles, arranged in a fan shape, consistent with the site of ulceration, and is often a clinical manifestation of the progression of chronic venous insufficiency.C4: Trophic changes of the skin, there are three most common manifestations: ① Hyperpigmentation, the early skin changes of light black color pigmentation, commonly found in the peri-ankle area, and can be extended to the calf and the foot. ② eczema, manifested as erythema, blisters, oozing or scaly erythema, severe cases can involve the entire lower limbs, also known as bruised dermatitis. ③ lipoid scleroderma, manifested as limited sclerosis of the skin of the affected limbs, which may be accompanied by scarring, contracture, involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and even fascia, is a serious skin lesion, accompanied by acute subcutaneous tissue inflammation, the local skin redness, tenderness Comprehensive varicose veins of the lower extremities of the diagnosis and classification of lower extremity varicose veins is not an independent disease, the diversity of the clinical manifestations, but also determines the diversity of the treatment, standardized Diagnosis and classification can help to further rationalize the choice of treatment for venous diseases.