Treatment for second relapse of leukemia includes medication, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and so on.
1. Treatment of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia
(1) Combined chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine: it is available for those who are under 55 years old and have better supportive conditions.
(2) Enabling combination chemotherapy with new drugs: such as fludarabine, cytarabine and desmethylxorubicin; or topotecan + cyclophosphamide + cytarabine.
(3) Pre-excitation chemotherapy can be used for those who are older, and the drugs include decitabine and azulpiride.
(4) Immunotherapy: non-cleared marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, donor lymphocyte infusion, myeloid monoclonal antibody, etc.
2. Treatment of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(1) Firstly, new anticancer drugs (e.g. cetazenamide) can be considered and combined with other drugs.
(2) Secondly, medium or high dose cytarabine or methotrexate can be considered.
(3) Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be performed as early as possible if available.
If the above situations occur, it is recommended that the patient go to the hospital in time, and under the guidance of the physician to carry out regular treatment as soon as possible.