Thymoma can cause back pain. Thymoma is a tumor that often develops in the anterior mediastinum, which is differentiated from thymic epithelium. Early stage is usually asymptomatic, and when the tumor develops to a certain size, chest pain, chest tightness, coughing and other symptoms can appear. With the development of the disease, the size of the tumor will become larger and larger, resulting in the compression of the surrounding organs and tissues, and the symptoms of back pain. Myasthenia gravis may also occur when the disease is severe. When diagnosed with thymoma, standardized treatment should be actively carried out. Surgery is the first choice of treatment for thymoma, such as total thymectomy; for patients who cannot accept surgery in the late stage, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be carried out, and the commonly used drugs for chemotherapy include doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and so on. Thymoma patients can exercise appropriately after surgery to enhance their physical fitness, but they should avoid strenuous exercise, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and go to the hospital regularly for follow-up, and inform the doctor in time if they have any other discomforts.