A hard lump in the flesh of the right upper abdomen that is painful to press may be due to sebaceous cysts, subcutaneous soft tissue infections, and sebaceous cysts caused by superficial lipomas. 1. Sebaceous cysts: Sebaceous cysts are benign skin lesions caused by the accumulation of sebum. When a sebaceous cyst occurs in the right upper abdomen, it will lead to the appearance of a hard lump in the right upper abdominal area, accompanied by the symptom of pain when pressed. In the early stages of the disease, the cysts are usually small and asymptomatic, but as the disease progresses, the cysts will increase in size. 2. Subcutaneous soft tissue infection: subcutaneous soft tissue infection is mainly due to bacterial infection, invasion of the dermis caused by inflammatory diseases, this disease will cause the patient’s local skin redness, fever, lumps and pain symptoms, and the pain will be aggravated when pressing. 3. Superficial lipoma: lipoma is a kind of common soft tissue benign tumor, this disease may be related to heredity, but the specific cause of the disease is still unclear. This disease will cause patients to appear localized lumps under the skin, and when the volume is too large, it will affect the surrounding soft tissues, resulting in pain when pressed. A hard lump in the flesh of the right epigastrium is also seen in other causes, should be timely to the hospital for examination and treatment, so as not to delay the condition.