An anal fistula with surgery usually recovers well after about 1 to 2 months. Anal fistula is a perianal bacterial infectious disease, which is perianal abscess, the first stage of the acute phase of anal fistula is perianal abscess. After experiencing a perianal abscess, the abscess will collapse on its own or by the surgeon’s surgical incision to drain the pus, the pus flows out of the inflammation subsides, the lesion will gradually fibrosis, the formation of granulomatous ducts, and ultimately the formation of anal fistula. Perianal abscess or anal fistula of the inner mouth and rectum communication, so the intestinal cavity of the bacteria and intestinal mucus will also enter the inner mouth, this is the reason why the primary lesion will not disappear. In the long run, the fistula will be in chronic inflammation. Repeated infection, the primary lesion will form multiple fistula branches, expanding the area, so the recovery of the wound after anal fistula surgery may be due to the depth of the wound, size, perianal pollution environment, etc., it usually takes about 1 to 2 months to recover well, some may take longer time. Generally speaking, it takes about 1~2 months for the trauma to fully recover, during which special attention should be paid to the nursing session following the doctor’s instructions. Timely medication changes, sitz baths, moderate amount of nutritious liquid food, pay attention to the common complications after anal fistula surgery are bleeding, infection, urinary retention, anal incontinence and so on. Regular follow-up is required. If the wound has not recovered after the anal fistula surgery, or serious complications occur, you should go to the hospital in time.