Tuberculosis tumor 18mm usually do not need surgery, first drug treatment, treatment is ineffective or hemoptysis and other complications can choose surgery. Tuberculoma is a tuberculous spherical lesion, belongs to the special form of tuberculosis, the tumor body is wrapped with fibrous tissue and granulation tissue, imaging examination will find nodular shadow in the lung. If the tuberculosis tumor is 18mm, surgery is usually not needed, and the main treatment is anti-tuberculosis treatment, such as streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, etc., and multi-drug combination treatment for more than half a year, with regular review. If the tumor does not shrink after more than one year of treatment, tumor can not be excluded, or sputum bacteria are still positive and accompanied by hemoptysis and other symptoms, timely surgical treatment is needed. If the tumor is larger than 30mm, it is difficult to heal and easy to liquefy to form a tuberculosis cavity, so it needs to be operated as soon as possible. It should be noted that it is difficult to distinguish TB tumors from lung cancer on imaging. If the tuberculosis tumor has surgical indications, it is recommended to combine with the diagnosis advice of professional doctors, surgical resection treatment as soon as possible, and further pathological examination to clarify the nature of the lesion, and timely exclude the possibility of malignant lesions.