The causes of duodenal papilla enlargement and erosion include inflammation and malignant tumor, etc. Further examination is needed to clarify the cause of the disease and actively treat the cause. 1. Inflammation: gastrointestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, cholecystitis and other inflammatory stimuli will cause the surface mucosa of the duodenal papilla congestion and edema, which may cause erosion in severe cases. 2. Malignant tumor: when the malignant tumor of duodenum or malignant tumor cells spread and metastasize to the duodenal papilla, the infiltration and proliferation of malignant tumors may cause local mucous membrane erosion and edema, but the situation is rare. Due to individual differences and the diversity of etiological factors, it is recommended to actively undergo further examination to identify the cause of the duodenal papilla enlargement and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of the doctor to improve the prognosis of the disease and promote the improvement of symptoms.