Blindness due to hydrocephalus has the potential for recovery if corrected in time, otherwise it may lead to permanent blindness. High cranial pressure hydrocephalus can cause compression of the optic nerve and damage to the visual pathway, resulting in significant loss of vision, which may lead to permanent blindness if not corrected in time. When visual impairment occurs in hydrocephalus, medication and surgery are needed to improve the condition. Medication mainly involves the use of glycerol fructose, furosemide, and mannitol to reduce intracranial pressure. Surgical treatment can choose ventriculo-ventral shunt, lateral ventriculo-occipital shunt and so on. If the damage to the optic nerve is mild, it may return to normal after the compression is lifted. If the optic nerve is irreversibly damaged, it cannot be restored. After the occurrence of hydrocephalus, it is necessary to consult a doctor in time and standardize the diagnosis and treatment to avoid delaying the condition.