If esophageal atrophy occurs after surgery for esophageal cancer, it can be treated by surgery. The surgical plan for esophageal cancer patients is usually based on the complete removal of local cancerous tissues. Therefore, local esophageal atrophy may be caused by local tissue loss or too little use of local muscles and nerves after surgery. For localized esophageal atrophy, a stent can be placed in the atrophied area to rapidly improve the atrophy symptoms and ensure the basic normal appearance and functional stability of the esophagus. However, since patients with esophageal cancer are physically weak and have different degrees of esophageal function damage, a second esophageal surgery may increase the risk of surgery and postoperative damage, and also lead to prolonged postoperative recovery time. Therefore, it is necessary to consult the doctor’s advice and choose carefully whether surgical repair is needed for esophageal atrophy. Patients with esophageal cancer who have esophageal atrophy should seek medical treatment as soon as possible.