Swollen gums and toothache need to identify the causes, may be periodontitis, apical periodontitis, caries, etc., under the guidance of the doctor for targeted treatment, such as surgical treatment. 1. Periodontitis: the gums are bright red or dark red in color, soft texture, may be accompanied by gum edema, some patients will have toothache. Through scaling, subgingival scraping, etc., the plaque on the surface of the teeth will be removed, so as to maintain oral hygiene; some special cases also need periodontal surgery in the follow-up. 2. Periapical periodontitis: when the inflammatory substances of the dental pulp invade to the root tip, causing inflammation of the periapical tissues. Symptoms mainly manifested as spontaneous pain, occlusal pain, swelling of the gums in the apical part of the root, gradually aggravated pain, and even accompanied by fever, fatigue and other systemic symptoms. Acute stage need to open the pulp drainage, there is abscess formation need to incise drainage, and then perfect root canal treatment. 3. Caries: there is no obvious discomfort in the early stage, with the progressive aggravation of the condition, toothache, swelling, bad taste in the mouth and other symptoms. Consider removing the carious tissues by surgical method, making a certain cavity shape, and choosing suitable restorative materials to repair the defective part. However, other factors can not be ruled out, it is recommended that the patient consult a doctor in time, the doctor to clarify the cause of the disease, and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized treatment.