Lymphoma needs to be diagnosed by integrating clinical manifestations, physical examination, laboratory, imaging, pathology and other examination results.
1. Clinical manifestations: these include general symptoms such as unknown fever, night sweats (abnormal sweating after going to sleep and stopping after waking up), pain in the liver area, emaciation or weight loss; and progressive and painless enlargement of local lymph nodes.
2. Physical examination: including fused subclavian or cervical lymph node enlargement and hepatomegaly.
3. Laboratory: anemia, mild or marked increase in leukocytes; if bone marrow infiltration or hypersplenism occurs, there may be a decrease in whole blood cells; bone marrow smear can see mirror cells; some patients may have increased serum lactate dehydrogenase activity.
4. Imaging: ultrasound shows enlarged lymph nodes; CT shows enlarged lymph nodes in mediastinum, hilar and abdominal cavity. Positron emission computed tomography (PET) is also used to diagnose normal metabolic activity.
5. Pathology: typical tumor cells can be seen, such as the mirror cells of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and antigen detection can find CD30, CD15, CD25, CD19, CD20 and so on positive. It is the gold standard for diagnosis.
If lymphoma is suspected or the above symptoms occur, it is recommended to go to the hospital for consultation in time.