A hard lump on the calf is considered to be related to subcutaneous lipoma, fibroma, neurofibroma, thrombophlebitis, foreign body granuloma, bone tumor, etc. It is recommended to make a clear diagnosis and treat it by surgical excision if necessary.
1. Subcutaneous lipoma: it is often composed of mature adipose tissue, mainly manifested as subcutaneous mass with clear boundary, the etiology of which is unclear, and is often related to dietary habits and frequent intake of high-calorie food. If necessary, color ultrasound examination of lower limbs should be carried out to make a clear diagnosis. Surgical excision is chosen for those with obvious compression symptoms.
2. Fibroma: a benign tumor caused by proliferation and mutation of fibrous tissue, showing asymptomatic swelling, clear boundary and good mobility. Surgical resection is usually chosen.
3. Neurofibroma: Neurofibroma is an autosomal dominant genetic disease, such as multiple neurofibromas mainly manifested as multiple occurrences all over the body, resulting in local painless swelling, gradually increasing in size. If necessary, it can be treated by tumor resection, which can slow down the compression symptoms.
4. Thrombophlebitis: Thrombophlebitis, a common, acute non-suppurative inflammation occurring in the lumen of venous blood vessels, may lead to localized redness, swelling, fever, pain, and tenderness of hard lumps. If pain is evident, medications such as ibuprofen and naproxen may be given, and if necessary, treated by surgery.
5. Foreign body granuloma: foreign body granuloma refers to a variety of substances from non-human tissues entering human skin tissues, resulting in a local foreign body reaction. It can be treated with ichthyol ointment, fusidic acid cream, oral levofloxacin and amoxicillin in the early stage and surgical excision in the late stage.
6. Bone tumor: adolescents with raised hard lumps on the calf, but also to understand whether it is related to bone tumors, it is recommended to improve the X-ray, CT examination, to determine the bone tumor lesions, it is recommended to carry out tumor resection as soon as possible, combined with local radiotherapy treatment.
The appearance of raised hard lumps on the calf, it is recommended not to deal with it on their own to avoid aggravation of the symptoms, it is recommended to go to the dermatology department of the hospital, combined with the doctor’s advice treatment.