Five-year-old children with toothache may be dental caries or acute gingival papillitis, need to go to the hospital after the examination of targeted corrosion filling or removal of stimulating factors after the drug anti-inflammatory. 1. Caries: children’s oral cleaning is not good, soft scale, the role of bacteria may cause dental caries, dental tissue defects to reach the pulp cavity will cause pulpitis, periapical periodontitis, external stimuli to produce severe pain. The treatment is mainly resin filling, and root canal treatment is needed if pulpitis and apical periodontitis are caused. 2. Acute gingival papillitis: the jaw arch development of teeth sparsely arranged, easy to food inlays, long-term inlays can cause acute gingival papillitis, gingival papillae congestion, edema and pain, the teeth can also have spontaneous pain, generally remove the local inlays after the pain can be significantly subsided, the use of Chlorhexidine gargle anti-inflammatory. Five-year-old children with toothache are recommended to go to the hospital in time for examination and treatment, so as not to affect chewing and growth and development.