Most children with secretory otitis media can be diagnosed and treated early if they have previously had obvious symptoms of acute otitis media, such as ear pain and fever, and if they are seen in a timely manner. However, parents should note that the disappearance of ear pain symptoms in children does not mean that the disease is cured. It is necessary to confirm that the otitis media has not formed or is cured before stopping the medical treatment. In some children with secretory otitis media, the onset of symptoms is not obvious. By the time parents notice that their children are unresponsive and have poor hearing, the disease often has a long course and is sometimes discovered only after a routine school physical examination. Long-term middle ear fluid accumulation can lead to sensorineural deafness, which is not easily treated, because the fluid contains substances that damage the inner ear. If secretory otitis media is left untreated for a long time, it may develop into adhesive otitis media, severe conductive deafness in the affected ear, or even middle ear cholesteatoma in severe cases. The main treatment measures include the following: 1. If the patient has a stuffy and runny nose, nasal drops such as ephedrine should be used to improve nasal ventilation. However, if the patient does not have these symptoms, do not use ephedra-based drugs to avoid unnecessary side effects. Oral antibacterial and antipyretic drugs to treat upper respiratory tract infection and inflammation. Oral phlegmolytic drugs to improve the breakdown and drainage of nasal and middle ear secretions. If the patient has nasal polyps or sinusitis, cure them early. 2. Do pharyngeal tube blowing, which is simply done by inhaling and then pursing the mouth and pinching the nose and drumming to let air into the ear. Some hospitals have pharyngeal bulb or catheter blowing. 3. Tympanic membrane puncture. Tympanic membrane puncture can draw out the fluid in the middle ear and also inject air to quickly improve the pressure state in the middle ear, and the puncture site will usually heal quickly. Multiple punctures are possible. Fourth, if tympanic membrane puncture is ineffective, a tympanic ventilation tube can be placed. If the child has adenoid hypertrophy, this can be removed as well. The tympanic ventilation tube can be placed for several months, in children, until the age of few upper respiratory infections, or 7-8 years. In adults, the decision can be made on an individual basis in consultation with a physician. If the ventilation tube comes out on its own and the condition does not heal, it can be reinserted. During the time the tube is in place, care should be taken that no water enters the ear canal, as this can cause middle ear infections. For children with secretory otitis media, you can take oral antimicrobials for 7-10 days early, and take drugs for treating upper respiratory tract inflammation and resolving phlegm. Repeated pinching and puffing of the nose, or blowing and opening of the pharyngeal tube, and doing more swallowing according to the causes of this disease, preventing colds and timely treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and keeping the nasal cavity open are the keys to preventing this disease. Strengthening health promotion and raising parents’ awareness of the disease can help in the early detection of secretory otitis media in children. For unilateral secretory otitis media in adults, be alert for nasopharyngeal lesions. Pharyngeal maneuvers, observed for 3 months, can heal 90% of patients and 10% of patients can be considered for placement of tympanic ventilation tubes, which generally require hospitalization for children under general anesthesia for placement. In adults with secretory otitis media, the placement of tympanic ventilation tubes can be considered after several ineffective blowing of the eustachian tube or tympanic membrane puncture, which can usually be done with outpatient local anesthesia.