Keloid scars are the result of excessive proliferation of collagen fibers, also known as connective tissue hyperplasia, and in Chinese medicine as crabfoot swelling or giant scarring. More than 9 months without signs of spontaneous regression.
2, skin damage beyond the original injury and invasion of the surrounding normal skin.
3. Previous surgical excision or freezing, laser, hormonal closure or radiotherapy and recurrence.
Most primary keloid scars are on the front of the chest or back of the shoulder, starting as small red dots with itching, gradually becoming larger, softer and harder, red or dark red, round, striped, butterfly-shaped, etc. Secondary keloid scars (also called hyperplastic keloid scars) are mostly caused by burns, scalds, surgery, trauma, acne infection, edema, and foreign body irritation. In this case, the damage to the dermis caused by burns, burns, surgery, trauma, acne infection, edema, foreign body stimulation, etc. causes excessive hyperplasia of the subcutaneous connective tissue and some of them have obvious outwardly extending capillaries. Any deep dermal injury to the body can form a scar, but the occurrence of keloid scars varies in different parts of the body, for example, the incidence of keloid scars is lower in the extremities than in the front and back of the body.
The causes of this abnormal proliferation of connective tissue are both endogenous and exogenous. The endogenous cause is mainly scarring and the level of estrogen in the body, which mostly runs in families, mostly cross-genetic, but not contagious; the exogenous cause is mainly skin injuries caused by various types of reasons, even minor trauma, such as mosquito bites, vaccination, ear piercing, eyebrow tattooing, needle stab wounds, etc.
Cancer of keloid and its easy diagnosis and prevention The incidence of cancer of keloid is very low, so patients should not worry too much about it, but should pay attention to prevention and early detection. Chronic stimuli such as untreated wounds and unstable scars are important in the occurrence of keloid carcinoma, so patients should try to reduce mechanical, chemical and thermal stimuli to the affected area, preferably wear cotton underwear, and try to avoid repeated pulling, rubbing, ulceration and infection. If the scar area is allergic and itchy, repeatedly ulcerated for a long time, and the ulcer has a lot of secretions, bad smell, easy bleeding when touched, volcano-like or cauliflower-like appearance with obvious necrosis and infection, timely pathological examination should be done (but it should be distinguished from ulcer infection). The treatment of keloid is a difficult disease to cure. At present, most of the methods used in China and abroad are laser, freezing, surgical excision (skin grafting), radiotherapy or hormone local closure, etc. However, it has been proved that the efficacy is not satisfactory. Histological studies have confirmed that hormonal drugs do not reduce the number of collagen fibers, i.e., they cannot fundamentally cure keloids, and inappropriate stimulation will only cause retaliatory hyperplasia.
Keloid scars are 100% related to the body’s constitution. In general, whether surgery, burns (heat), trauma, etc. are prone to form symptomatic hyperplastic keloids or keloid scars, doctors consider them according to the following points
1. Whether there is a history of proliferative keloid, keloid or old keloid with proliferative period lasting more than 1 year.
2. Whether the person is allergic.
3. Whether people in the family have 1 or 2 conditions.
Different shapes and classifications of keloid scars. Various terms such as idiopathic keloid, true keloid, pseudokeloid, keloid keloid, proliferative keloid and keloid are used clinically, and there is no clear classification yet.
People with acne-prone skin on the face and body, obscure dry skin, oily skin, and sweaty skin are all prone to keloid scarring. Also, areas with poor venous lymphatic return are prone to occur. Chest keloids tend to occur in people with well-developed breasts.
In addition, the upper outer arm (deltoid), anterior chest, and scapula are the most common sites for keloid scars, as well as the posterior ear, auricle, neck, occipital area, and upper pubic bone. On the contrary, keloid scars are less likely to occur in areas of denervation (mange) and spinal cord paralysis.
Once a keloid is formed, even with the most delicate surgical methods, it can only be partially improved, but not completely eradicated. This is because every plastic surgery is a new trauma. Therefore, taking various measures to maximize the prevention of scar formation is of equal significance to the treatment of scarring.
Keloid is a clinical concept and there is no definite laboratory diagnosis yet, that is to say, if you have a clear keloid with tendency to extend and expand, we will say you are a keloid, which has a family genetic tendency, not that you are a keloid as long as you have a scar, because quite a few keloids are diagnosed as proliferative keloids, which can gradually shrink with time. The keloid scars that you are referring to will gradually shrink with time. As the keloid scars have a tendency to expand after injury, you should communicate with your doctor before treatment. Injections should be given within a certain range (only within the semi-keloid) and with attention to the total dose (because large doses for a long time may have endocrine disruption problems for women).
Also, regarding surgical scars. According to clinical experience, as long as you are not a keloid, there will be no scarring of the surgical incision (of course, there will be some scarring if the surgical incision is infected and there is a reaction to the sutures, but it is not common).