Cephalosporins belong to β-lactam antibiotics, if only a small amount of consumption and obvious discomfort, can be taken to stop taking the drug, stop drinking alcohol, drink a lot of water, observe the condition of the disease and other measures; if poisoning occurs, first aid measures should be taken, including general treatment, drug treatment and other measures.
Cephalosporin and alcohol may react with disulfiram. It leads to the occurrence of poisoning symptoms such as headache, dizziness, vomiting, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, drop in blood pressure and so on.
1. No disulfiram reaction poisoning: immediately stop taking cephalosporins, stop drinking alcohol, drink a lot of water, if drinking more alcohol can be appropriate to induce vomiting, reduce alcohol absorption.
2. Occurrence of disulfiram reaction poisoning
(1) general treatment: ① immediately stop the drug. ② blood pressure stabilization adjusted to the supine position, head tilted to one side, to prevent vomit into the airway. ③ Shock is recommended to take a V position, head and feet elevated 15 °. ④Oxygen intake.
(2) Medication
Hormone: Adrenocorticotropic hormone such as dexamethasone can be used for anti-stress and anti-shock treatment.
Naloxone: also known as allylhydroxymorphinone, is an opioid receptor antagonist, which can reduce the damage to brain cells, thus playing an important role in detoxification and awakening, and accelerating the speed of patients’ awakening.
Water-soluble vitamins: including B vitamins and vitamin C, have an important role in maintaining normal cell and tissue function. It can accelerate the oxidation and decomposition of ethanol in the body and reduce the concentration of ethanol in the blood, which can reduce the symptoms of the reaction to a certain extent.
The above drugs need to be used under the guidance of a clinician, unauthorized use of drugs is prohibited; the emergence of discomfort immediately consult a doctor; the use of drugs to treat the disease during the recommended abstinence from alcohol.