Pineal region cysts are rare benign intracranial congenital tumors, most of which have no obvious clinical symptoms, while a few are serious. It is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as possible to assess the severity of the disease under the guidance of a medical professional. Most patients with pineal cysts do not have obvious clinical symptoms and may choose to continue observation and regular review. A few patients with pineal region cysts will have hydrocephalus and optic papillae edema due to the compression of the midbrain aqueduct by the cysts, and the common clinical manifestations include dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting and blurred vision. If the symptoms are serious and affect the patient’s normal life, surgical treatment can be chosen, and usually patients recover well after surgery with low recurrence rate. Cysts in the pineal region rarely cause symptoms, and patients are usually found to have the disease when they are examined for headaches. Although patients usually have no obvious symptoms, they need to be reviewed regularly and seek medical treatment as soon as symptoms appear.