Calf blood vessel obstruction is divided into calf arterial vascular obstruction and calf venous vascular obstruction, and the most common cause of calf venous vascular obstruction is deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs. It is mainly caused by hypercoagulable state, vascular injury, blood stasis, etc. The normal components of blood in the veins of the lower leg appear to accumulate abnormally and form a thrombus, which is manifested as swelling of the lower limbs, fatigue, and the lower limbs will aggravate significantly after standing or walking for a long period of time. When calf venous vascular obstruction occurs, the symptoms can be improved by anticoagulation. There are two types of vascular obstruction in the calf arteries: one is acute, mainly lower extremity arterial embolism or acute thrombosis of the lower extremities. This is due to thrombosis caused by abnormal platelet accumulation, or atrial embolus dislodgement due to atrial fibrillation or other causes, leading to lower leg arterial vascular obstruction. The other condition is chronic lower leg arterial vascular obstruction, which is mainly caused by atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower limbs, where the plaque gradually increases in size causing vascular obstruction in the lower leg. When obstruction is found in the calf arteries, it is recommended to solve the obstruction by applying antiplatelet drugs or surgical treatment under the guidance of specialists.