Arterial enhancement foci and perfusion abnormality in the S2 segment of the liver are considered to be the most likely cause of hepatic malignant tumors or hemangiomas. Enhanced foci and perfusion abnormalities in the arterial phase of segment S2 of the liver need to be analyzed specifically, looking at the patient’s arterial, portal venous, and delayed phase imaging to determine the patient’s specific etiology. If the patient has arterial enhancement, which rapidly subsides with further contrast in the portal and venous phases, the possibility of hepatic malignancy should be considered, and it should be combined with the results of blood tests for alpha-fetoprotein and a history of hepatitis and cirrhosis to make a definitive diagnosis. If the patient has arterial contrast enhancement and further enhancement in the portal and delayed phases, the possibility of hemangioma should be considered. It is recommended that patients with the above conditions should go to regular hospitals for timely consultation and standardized treatment under the guidance of doctors, so as to avoid delaying the condition.