Nutcracker syndrome in children usually has the potential to damage the kidneys. Nutcracker phenomenon is also known as left renal vein compression. If it exists for a long period of time, it will affect the blood flow to the kidneys, leading to the occurrence of hematuria and proteinuria, and causing renal hypoplasia, so children with Nutcracker Syndrome affects the renal function. The most common clinical symptoms in children with Nutcracker Syndrome are hematuria, proteinuria and left sided low back pain, and most of them consult the doctor with hematuria with or without low back pain. For children with Nutcracker syndrome, if there is only hematuria, but no anemia or low back pain, clinical observation can be made first. For patients with recurrent hematuria, anemia, severe varicocele, or low back pain, conservative treatment is not effective, and surgical intervention may be indicated. It is recommended that when children suffer from Nutcracker Syndrome, parents should bring their children to the hospital in time to avoid delaying the condition and causing adverse consequences.