Stage 1a lung cancer is clinically referred to as Stage IA lung cancer. Non-small cell carcinoma generally does not need chemotherapy, while small cell lung cancer often needs to be applied to chemotherapy. Lung cancer can be categorized into two different types: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. According to “Primary Lung Cancer Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines”, for stage IA non-small cell lung cancer, surgical treatment is the first choice, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is not recommended for patients with complete resection, and stereotactic radiotherapy is recommended for those who are inoperable, so chemotherapy is generally not needed to be applied to them. For stage IA small cell lung cancer, surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for patients without mediastinal lymph node metastasis, so patients generally need chemotherapy. Stage IA lung cancer belongs to the early stage of lung cancer, so the prognosis of most patients with standardized treatment is relatively good. Once diagnosed with lung cancer, no matter which stage the disease is in, patients should actively cooperate with the treatment and follow the specialist’s advice to standardize the treatment.