Some renal failure patients such as acute renal failure some patients can be completely cured, generally does not affect the survival life; chronic renal failure patients’ life expectancy is generally more than 10 years, some patients can even survive for more than 30 years. There are also some patients who may die in only a few months or weeks if they are combined with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The life expectancy of patients with renal failure is related to a number of factors, such as individual’s physical condition, disease progression, and treatment sensitivity. If patients with chronic renal failure have a good physical foundation, with therapeutic intervention, the survival time can reach more than 10 years. If the patient is in poorer condition, older, combined with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, infections, etc., the survival time will be shorter, which may be a few months or weeks. Patients with acute renal failure can generally recover their renal function after removing the causative factors and symptomatic treatment, therefore, life span is generally not affected. Patients with renal failure should control the comorbidities and complications, maintain stable condition, which is beneficial to the subsequent treatment, and can improve the quality of life through renal replacement therapy. To prolong the life of patients with renal failure, it is important to follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize treatment and maintain an active and healthy lifestyle. Meanwhile, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment must be carried out to avoid deterioration of the condition. Kidney failure patients are recommended to consult regular hospitals, improve relevant examinations under the guidance of physicians, clear diagnosis and treatment.