Redness, swelling and pain in the hand joints of the elderly are caused by degenerative changes in the finger joints, gout in the finger joints and rheumatoid arthritis in the finger joints. 1. Degenerative changes in finger joints: degenerative changes such as osteophytes in finger joints, narrowing or disappearance of the interphalangeal joint space in the elderly will cause redness, swelling and pain in finger joints. 2. Finger joint gout: purine metabolism in the body is impaired, urate crystals in the finger joints, triggering gout, which will lead to redness, swelling and pain in the finger joints. 3. Rheumatoid arthritis of finger joints: it can cause redness, swelling, pain and joint deformation of finger joints. It is recommended that the elderly need to go to the hospital rheumatology and immunology department for red, swollen and painful symptoms in the finger joints, under the guidance of the doctor for examination, to identify the cause of the disease, and to carry out targeted treatment.