There are several common clinical causes of back pain: a. Patients with kidney stones can suffer from back pain and swelling due to hydronephrosis and enlarged kidneys. Patients can improve their urological ultrasound examination to clarify the nature of the lesion and perform extracorporeal impact lithotripsy as soon as possible to break up the stones and discharge them with urine, thus relieving back pain and swelling. Second, female patients during menstruation, due to the disorder of estrogen levels in the body, can cause back pain and swelling, general weakness, which is a normal physiological phenomenon. It is recommended that patients take sufficient rest, give hot compresses and moxibustion strips to the lower back, eat a light diet and take regular rest after menstruation, the soreness and swelling of the lower back can be relieved more quickly. Third, patients with herniated lumbar discs can suffer from local nerve compression, resulting in radioactive swelling in the lumbar back. Patients can reduce the nerve compression through massage and physical therapy to relieve the soreness and swelling of the lower back.