Hydrocephalus shunt surgery has a high incidence of complications, but there are no clear statistics on the exact number. Usually hydrocephalus shunt surgery is based on ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery, and its complications mainly include infection, excessive or insufficient cerebrospinal fluid drainage, clogging of drainage tubes, detachment of drainage tube connections and wrapping of the ventral end, and aseptic inflammation. 1. The most common complication is infection, which is manifested by the occurrence of infections in the head, ventricles, incisions and subcutaneous tunnels on the body surface, and the abdominal cavity due to different reasons during surgery. 2. Insufficient or excessive cerebrospinal fluid diversion due to improper adjustment of the drainage block after surgery, resulting in no clear improvement of the patient’s postoperative symptoms or symptoms of low cranial pressure. 3. Blockage of the drainage tube, mostly due to high protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid caused by intraoperative cerebral hemorrhage or postoperative infection, resulting in blockage of the shunt tube. 4. Dislodgement of the drainage tube, often due to insufficiently secure fixation, resulting in gradual loosening or dislodgement of the connection of the drainage tube. 5. The abdominal end of the drainage tube is wrapped. The abdominal end of the drainage tube is wrapped by the greater omentum due to improper placement of the abdominal end of the drainage tube during surgery or postoperative displacement, which leads to the gradual enlargement of cystic wrapping in the abdominal cavity, and the absorption of cerebrospinal fluid decreases, resulting in poor shunting effect. 6. Aseptic inflammation, a very small number of patients may have recurrent low-grade fever after the operation, and there is no abnormality in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests, in which case the patient’s temperature will return to normal after the removal of the drainage tube. Patients suspected of having the above conditions should consult a doctor in time and standardize the diagnosis and treatment to avoid delaying the condition.