The clinical significance of the five hepatitis B items: 1. The clinical significance of a positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) indicates that the patient is currently infected with the hepatitis B virus, which may be acute hepatitis B or chronic hepatitis B; 2. The clinical significance of a positive hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBS) indicates that the patient is recovering from hepatitis B or has previously been infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The clinical significance of a positive anti-HBS test is that the patient is recovering from hepatitis B or has previously been infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and has recovered and has some immunity to HBV. Secondly, it means that the patient has received hepatitis B vaccine and the effect on it; 3. The significance of positive hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) means that the patient’s hepatitis B virus replication is in the active stage and highly infectious; 4. The significance of positive hepatitis B virus e antibody (anti-HBe) means that the patient’s hepatitis B infection is reduced; 5. represents that the patient has been previously infected or is currently suffering from hepatitis B.