Endometrial cancer is also known as uterine body cancer. As one of the three common tumors of female reproductive tract, the incidence of endometrial cancer has been on the rise, especially among obese women, which has become an “epidemic”. Many endometrial cancer patients are combined with obesity, high blood pressure or diabetes at the same time. So, how can you know you have endometrial cancer? What are the detection methods? 1. Ultrasound examination Ultrasound examination can find out the size of uterus, thickness of endometrium, whether there is uneven echo or redundant organisms in the uterine cavity, whether there is infiltration of myometrium and its degree, etc. Its diagnostic conformity rate reaches more than 80%. Since many endometrial cancer patients are obese, transvaginal ultrasound has more advantages than transabdominal ultrasound. Since ultrasound is convenient and non-invasive, it has become the most routine examination for diagnosing endometrial cancer and is also the initial screening method. 2. Segmental Diagnostic Scraping Currently, it is the most common and valuable method to diagnose endometrial cancer. It can not only clarify whether the endometrial cancer is cancerous or not, whether endometrial cancer involves the cervical canal or not, but also distinguish endometrial cancer from adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, so as to guide the clinical treatment. For perimenopausal patients with heavy or continuous vaginal bleeding, segmental diagnostic scraping can also play a role in stopping bleeding. The specimens of segmental diagnostic scraping need to be labeled and sent to pathology for examination, so as to confirm or exclude endometrial cancer. 3. Hysteroscopy Hysteroscopy can directly observe whether there are cancer foci in the uterine cavity and cervical canal, the location, size and scope of cancer foci, and whether the cervical canal is involved, etc. Biopsy of suspected lesions under direct visualization can help to detect smaller or earlier lesions, and reduce the rate of underdiagnosis of endometrial cancer. The accuracy rate of biopsy under direct vision of hysteroscopy is close to 100%. Both hysteroscopy and segmental diagnostic scraping are associated with complications such as bleeding, infection, uterine perforation, cervical laceration, and abortion syndrome, and hysteroscopy also carries the risk of water intoxication. Whether hysteroscopy can lead to endometrial cancer dissemination is still controversial, but most of the studies currently concluded that hysteroscopy does not affect the prognosis of endometrial cancer. 4. Cytologic examination can be used to diagnose endometrial cancer by obtaining endometrial specimens through uterine brushing or uterine suction smear, etc. However, its positive rate is low and is not recommended to be used routinely. 5. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Magnetic resonance imaging can clearly show the size and scope of endometrial cancer lesions, myometrial infiltration and metastasis of pelvic and para-abdominal aortic lymph nodes, so as to accurately estimate the stage of the tumor, etc. Since the resolution of CT for soft tissues is slightly lower than that of magnetic resonance imaging, preoperative evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging is more often applied in hospitals with conditions. 6. Tumor marker CA125 is generally not elevated in patients with early endometrial cancer, but in patients with extra-uterine metastasis, CA125 can be obviously elevated and can be used as a tumor marker to detect the progress of the disease and treatment effect. Tips: Obese women should be especially alert to endometrial cancer, in addition to losing weight as soon as possible to get rid of the title of “high-risk group”, they should go to gynecology department regularly to do relevant examination.