Leukemia, commonly known as “blood cancer”, is the most common malignant tumor in childhood and is the most common childhood tumor (30%). The incidence of childhood leukemia is about 3-4 per 100,000 population. It can develop at any age, mostly between 2-8 years old, and is higher in boys than in girls. Leukemia is a malignant tumor of hematopoietic stem cells, characterized by diffuse proliferation of abnormal leukocytes (leukemia cells) in the bone marrow replacing normal bone marrow tissue and often invading the surrounding blood, causing quantitative and qualitative changes in the surrounding blood leukocytes; leukemia cells can extensively infiltrate various tissues and organs throughout the body such as liver, spleen and lymph nodes, often leading to anemia, bleeding and infection. Some clinical data show that nearly 90% of children with leukemia have had their homes renovated for a short period of time. In addition to formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and radioactive substances can bring harm to human health. Many people think that tumor is a disease of the elderly, children will not get malignant tumor, and some people think that children with tumor will not live to be adults even if they are treated, and will only end up with empty money, so many parents choose to give up treatment after learning that their children have leukemia. In fact, the cure rate of childhood leukemia is much higher than that of adults, with the emergence of new drugs, optimization of chemotherapy regimens, improvements in radiotherapy and the rapid development of medicine, the cure rate of childhood leukemia has increased rapidly: in 1960 there was basically no cure for pediatric leukemia worldwide, in 1990 the cure rate of childhood acute lymphoblastic (acute gonorrhea) leukemia had reached 70%-80%, in 2006 the developed countries abroad In 2006, the 5-year cure rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in developed countries reached 90%, and the 5-year disease-free survival rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children has also reached about 80% in some standardized large pediatric leukemia treatment centers in China. Some parents blindly rely on the power of prescriptions to deal with leukemia, in fact, prescriptions are just a matter of luck, even if they achieve remission within a short period of time, they will soon relapse. The majority of children with leukemia can be cured with chemotherapy and do not need a bone marrow transplant as long as they are detected in time and treated early at a regular hospital, only a few children with high-risk acute leukemia, recurrent relapses or those who cannot remit need a bone marrow transplant. Therefore, do not give up on life-saving treatment at will.