Oncogenes of tumors, also known as proto-oncogenes, are genes present in cells or viruses that are capable of inducing the transformation of normal cells to acquire one or more new biological characteristics. Proto-oncogenes present in viruses are also called viral oncogenes, and oncogenes present in cells are called intracellular oncogenes, so under normal conditions, they are present in an inactive state, hence the clinical term proto-oncogenes. When proto-oncogenes are activated, they have the ability to transform malignant tumors, and the opposite of proto-oncogenes are oncogenes, which encode proteins that can exactly inhibit the occurrence of tumors, and the products of their genes can inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and if their functions are lost, they have the function of promoting tumor transformation, so proto-oncogenes and oncogenes are a pair of genes with corresponding functions.