Persistent obstructive jaundice has a major impact on the liver through cholestasis, infections and endotoxins, pancreatic injury, and microcirculatory disorders, which can lead to severe liver damage through fibrosis and cirrhosis. Cholestasis, obstructive jaundice refers to the return of bilirubin or free bilirubin into the bloodstream after obstruction of the biliary system occurs, and the appearance of scleral yellowing and other phenomena. Various degrees of biliary obstruction and cholestasis cause a large number of bacteria in the intestinal tract to multiply, and a large amount of endotoxin enters the blood circulation, producing severe endotoxemia, inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and damaging liver cells. Reduction of blood and oxygen supply causes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction in hepatocytes and interferes with hepatocyte metabolism. Pancreatic injury, obstruction of pancreaticobiliary channel causes spasm and edema of sphincter of Oddi, resulting in poor excretion of bile and pancreatic juice, which increases the pressure of pancreatic ducts after refluxing into the pancreas, leading to pancreatic follicle injury and early activation of pancreatic enzymes, and eventually causing pancreatic auto-digestion and pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is often complicated by liver, lung, kidney, intestinal and other organ injuries and systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and hepatic impairment is its most common complication. Microcirculation disorders, obstructive jaundice is mostly combined with biliary tract infections, the release of a variety of inflammatory factors can lead to microcirculation disorders in the liver, kidneys, intestines and other important organs, microcirculation stagnation of blood flow, promoting intravascular coagulation, affecting the liver’s blood supply, resulting in damage to the hepatocytes. Patients should consult the doctor in time to get a clear diagnosis and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.