Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological symptom among women, and the choice of treatment for dysmenorrhea should take into account the patient’s age, whether the patient has any reproductive requirements, and the patient’s physical state to determine the specific treatment plan. Commonly used medications for dysmenorrhea are oral pain medications, such as ibuprofen and diclofenac. In addition, the cause of dysmenorrhea is believed to be related to ovulation. If the patient does not have any requirement for childbearing in the short term, the patient can be advised to apply short-acting contraceptive pills, which can inhibit ovulation, thus inhibiting the dysmenorrhea caused by ovulation. If the patient’s dysmenorrhea symptoms are more serious, the patient should also be examined to rule out pathological causes of dysmenorrhea, such as endometriosis or adenomyosis, which may cause severe dysmenorrhea. If the dysmenorrhea is caused by these two diseases, etiologic treatment is needed. The choice of treatment plan for endometriosis may require surgical treatment, or the application of GnRH-a drugs, or the placement of a Mannix ring. In the case of dysmenorrhea due to adenomyosis, the application of a Mannheimer’s ring or even a hysterectomy may be required.